Testicular Self-Examination Guide

A testicular self-examination is the best way to detect early signs of testicular cancer. The risk of complications due to testicular cancer can be greatly reduced by early detection of any abnormalities.

Why should I do it?

Starting at age 15, men are at risk for testicular cancer, and this risk increases with age. Performing regular self-examinations helps you become familiar with your body and detect testicular cancer early, at a stage when it is most curable.

How to perform a testicular self-examination:

Frequency: Perform the examination once a month.

• In front of a mirror, check for any swelling in the scrotal area.
• Using both hands, check each testicle for lumps. Gently roll the testicle between the thumb and fingers. Do not squeeze; the examination should be painless.
• Find and become familiar with the epididymis, the soft, tube-like structure located on the top and backside of each testicle.
• What look for during the exam:
  • Swelling
  • Major loss in size of one or both testes
  • A feeling of heaviness in the scrotal area
  • Soreness in the groin or lower abdomen area
  • Pain or discomfort in the testicle or scrotum
• See a healthcare provider if you find any lumps. The earlier a lump is found, the better the chance for a successful treatment.